What does the term "operator" refer to in mathematics?

The term "operator" in mathematics refers specifically to symbols that perform arithmetic operations, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. These operators are essential for creating mathematical expressions and performing calculations involving numbers. For instance, the plus sign (+) is an operator that indicates addition, while the minus sign (−) indicates subtraction. By recognizing operators, students can effectively understand how to manipulate numbers and solve equations.

The other options focus on different aspects of mathematics. While the first option relates to comparison symbols, such as greater than (>) and less than (<), these are not classified as operators in the arithmetic sense. Fixed numerical values pertain to constants in calculations but do not perform operations themselves. Lastly, instruments used in calculations, while they might aid in mathematical processes (like calculators or tools), do not fall under the definition of operators. Thus, understanding that operators specifically execute mathematical functions is key to grasping their role in the subject.